Bottle.



PATENTED' MAR. 5, .1901.

J. G. ANDERSON.

BOTTLE.

APPLIOATION FILED 1330.18, 1900.

THE NORRIS PETERS co, wnsnmarmv, u. c.

JAMES C. ANDERSON, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

BOTTLE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented March 5, 1907.

Application filed December 16,1906. SerialNo. 348,391.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J AMES 0. ANDERSON, a citizen of the Umted States, resldlng at Washington, 1n the Distrlct of Columbia, have 1nvented certain new and useful Improvements in Bottles; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in bottles, and particularly to that type illustrated and described in Letters Patent Nos. 816,419 and 817,033, granted to me March 27, 1906, and April 3, 1906, respectively, which involve a sheet-metal collar secured to the neck of the bottle, and adapted to receive an expansible soft-metal closure device. As set forth in the patents referred to, the collar of hard sheet-metal is secured in position by welding it to the glass neck of the bottle.

My present invention has for its object to secure the sheet-1netal collar to the bottle by means of a solder that will melt at a temperature as near as possible to that which would be only safely above the heat which might be applied to the bottles in steaming and washing them namely, just above the boilpoint of water and not high enough to subject the glass to a degree of heat which might tend to fracture the sameand which shall have the properties and characteristics which will cause it to weld or consolidate with the metal constituting the collar and to produce a liquid and gas tight metallic joint with the glass neck of the bottle.

My invention has for a further object to establish a non-corrosive liquid and gas tight joint between the sheet-metal collar and the bottle, which shall constitute a key or look which shall effectively prevent the separation of the collar from the bottle.

My invention has for a furtherobject to provide means adapted to receive the strain or pressure exerted by the outward expansion of the softer metal closure device employed to seal the bottle, and thus relieve the neck of the bottle from all liability to fracture.

With these ends in view my invention con sists, broadly, in a bottle having a protecting sheet-metal collar secured in position by a solder adapted to a welding connection with the sheet-metal collar and a close mechanical union and contact with the glass and which shall constitute a non-corrosive key or look against the separation of the collar from the bottle and furnish a liquid and gas tight joint.

My invention further consists in providing the sheet-metal collar at its upper extremity with a non-expansible surrounding ring adapted to receive the outward pressure exerted in the expanding of a suitable soft-metal closure device, all as will be hereinafter and in detail explained.

While in accordance with my invention the sheet-metal collar may be secured to a bottle, the neck of which may have a plane surface, it is especially applicable to the bottles of commerce, the necks of which, near the upper extremity, are formed with a surrounding rib or projection.

In order that those skilled in the art to which my invention appertains may know how to make and use my improvements in bottles and fully appreciate all the advantages thereof, I will proceed to describe the same, referring to the accompanying drawing, in which Figure 1 is a central vertical section of a bottle-neck having a rib or projection near the extremity thereof and with the sheetmetal collar in position preliminary to its being permanently secured to the neck of the bottle by submersion in the solder-bath. Fig. 2 is a similar view showing the extremity of the bottle-neck forced into position within the collar and the solder thereby caused to be properly disposed to secure the fixed relation between the collar and the bottle. Fig. 3 is a central vertical section of the sheetmetal collar with its surrounding ring in position before the upper extremity of the collar is swaged or rolled over the ring to secure the same in place. Fig. 4 is a similar view showing the sheetmetal collar secured to a bottle the neck of which is unprovided with the annular rib or projection shown at Figs. 1 and 2 and with the soft-metal closure device in position to be forced into sealing condition. Fig. 5 is a similar view showing the soft-metal closure device suitably expanded to produce the proper sealing of the bottle. Fig. 6 is a similar view showing the ring which surrounds the extremity of the collar composed of a flat metal strip and in position to be secured in fixed relation with the collar. Fig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 6 and showing the flat metal ring secured in po sition. Fig. 8 is an edge view of the split wire ring shown in Figs. 1 to 5 Fig. 9, a central vertical section of the soft-metal closure 1 device before expansion; Fig. 10, a similar view showing said device in its expanded condition. Fig. 11 is a view similar to Fig. 7 I and showing the soft-metal closure device in 1 position to be forced into sealing condition, and Fig. 12 a similar view showing the softmetal sealing device suitably expanded to produce the proper sealing of the bottle.

Similar reference-numerals indicate like parts in the several figures of the drawing.

1 is the neck of an ordinary glass bottle having a surrounding rib or projection 2 near the extremity, and 3 is a collar composed of hard metal, such as thin sheet steel, and of such diameter as will adapt it to be placed in position, as shown at Fig. 2, and to any ordinary variation of diameter of the necks of bottles of standard make. The difference in diameter between that portion of the collar which is designed to surround and to be secured in position upon the neck of the bottle and the upwardly-projecting portion is such that the horizontal annulus will extend slightly within the interior of the bottle-neck, as indicated at 4, to constitute a projecting shoulder, against and under which a softmetal closure device 5 may be expanded, as shown at Fig. 5 and as fully described in the Letters Patent hereinbefore referred to.

6 is a hard-metal ring surrounding the upward extension of the sheet-metal collar and which is secured in position by flanging or swaging the upper edge of the cap upon it, as clearly shown. This ring I prefer to make from ordinary wire of suitable gage, although it may be made from flat strips, as clearly in dicated in Figs. 6 and 7, and in either case and having in view economy of production the rings may be formed as shown in Fig. 8 and the ends held against separation not only by the flanged or overrolled extremity of the collar, but also by the non-corrosive solder employed to secure the collar in position upon the bottle, as will be hereinafter explained. This ring, whether round, rectangular, or of other cross-section, may be made continuous, the object in both cases being that it shall constitute a non-expansible and non-compressible body surrounding the upper extremity of the collar and in the present instance adapted to receive and resist the expansive force exerted in securing the softmetal closure device in its proper position and to serve as a guard against any outward pressure against the glass neck of the bottle.

The metal closure device 5 is composed of aluminium or other suitably soft metal made in the form shown at Fig. 9 and adapted to be expanded by a suitable tool to make a fluid and gas tight joint with the shoulder 4 of the sheet-metal collar 3, as clearly shown in Fig. 5 and as fully explained in the Letters Patent hereinbefore referred to.

As will be obvious, the presence of the ring 6, surrounding the collar 3, avoids the possibility of pressure against the neck of the bot- ,tle during the expansion of the closure device In applying my improved sheet-metal col lar to the necks of bottles they are first placed over the neck of the bottle and in the position shown in Fig. 1, and the neck of the bottle may then be dipped in a' bath of solder having the properties and characteristics hereinafter described and to a depth sufficient to completely submerge the entire collar, and as the bottle is then forced downwardly into the collar and into the position shown at Fig. 2, a portion of the solder which has found its way between the extremity of the bottleneck and the annulus or horizontal portion of the sheet-metal collar is forced into the space between the collar and the exterior surface of the bottle-neck, as clearly shown in Figs. 2, 4, and 5, to constitute a key or lock 7, which, as before stated, becomes welded to the surface of the sheet-metal collar and makes a close mechanical union and contact with the glass, thus securing the col lar in permanent position and also establishing a liquid and gas tight joint, or in lieu of dipping the neck of the bottle and collar in a bath of such solder as described I may first provide the collar and ring separately with a coat or skin of such solder, then place the ring 6 in position, and secure the same by crimping the wall of the collar as described, and in.using the bottles provided with the projection or rib 2 I may then provide a separate split rin composed of the soldering compound, an after placing such ring within the depression between the rib and the adj acent portion of the neck of the bottle the collar is then placed in position, and by the application of heat the soldering compound is properly melted and caused to make the joint hereinbefore described. It will also be understood that in cases where I employ bottles devoid of the exterior rib or projection I may first provide the collar with a sufficiently thick coat of solder and after placing the collar in proper position upon the neck of the bottle apply sufficient heat to cause the coating of solder to make the liquid and gas tight joint between the collar and bottle, as de scribed. The solder also firmly unites the surrounding ring 6 with the collar, and when said rings are of the split form shown at Fig. 8 welds the ends of the ring together.

As hereinbefore stated, the solder employed should have such properties and characteristics that it will weld with the metal collar and make a close mechanical contact and union with the glass which is surrounded by the collar and yet readily be removed from the exposed surface of the glass as the bottle-neck is being removed from the solderbath. A solder suitable for the purpose and having the properties and characteristics described may be composed of eighty-three parts of tin, fifteen parts of lead, and two parts of comminuted copper; but I desire it to be understood that I do not wish to be confined to the particular formula or amalgam described, but that I may use any other formula or amalgam adapted to produce the desired results. While the solder may be applied in any suitable manner, I prefer to employ an apparatus and method having in view economy of time and facility in handling, which I have devised and for which I contemplate making application for Letters Patent.

As heretofore stated, while I prefer to use and find my invention best adapted to bottles of commerce which are formed with a surrounding rib or projection adjacent to the upper extremity of the neck and as shown at Figs. 1 and 2, I have, however, found from experience that with a solder of the character described and adapted to weld with the metal collar and to establish a close mechanical union and contact with the glass a sufficiently satisfactory jointure may be made between the collar and a bottle-neck having a plain exterior surface to prevent the removal of the collar and to produce a non-corrosive fluid and gas tight joint. This result is due to the fact that the solder having the characteristics I have described and which is essential to my invention consolidates with the metal of the metal collar and constitutes what I have designated a welt and also constitutes a liquid and gas tight metallic joint with the glass surface of the bottle-neck. These conditions likewise exist when the collar is secured to the neck of a bottle, such as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, and, as will be obvious, the relations describedas existing between the particular solder with the collar and neck of the bottle are supplemented by the fact that as the solder is consolidated with or welded to the collar and as a portion is in contact with the glass below the rib or projection 2 on the neck of the bottle such portion constitutes a key inseparably connected or integral with the lower portion of the collar, and consequently constitutes a positive key or look to prevent the upward displacement of the collar.

I do not wish to beconfined to any particu lar method of applying the solder, although, as heretofore stated, I have devised a method and apparatus especially adapted for the purpose, and for which I contemplate making application for Letters Patent.

From the description herein given of my improvements it will be readily seen that the solder employed by me not only protects the metal collar from corrosion and cooperates with the flanged or rolled-over upper extremity of the collar to render the surrounding ring or anvil 6 absolutely non-expansible and capable of resisting the pressure exerted in sealing the bottle with the closure device, but likewise presents a surface with which the expanded closure device readily makes a successful liquid and gas tight joint, and as the jointure between the sheet-metal collar and the neck of the bottle is such as to constitute also a fluid and gas tight joint it will be obvious that in sealing a bottle according to my invention I am enabled to dispense with all such auxiliary devices, such as cork packings or elastic gaskets, which are not only objectionable in many ways, but become in a comparatively short time ineffectual as packings and permit the fluid or gases contained within the bottle to escape or deteriorate.

In my present invention, as also in the constructions shown in the Letters Patents referred to, the necks of the bottles are protected from the chipping and abrasion which occurs in transportation or cleansing for reuse and which constitute an element of considerable loss, as bottles so chipped or abraded are unfit for future use.

I desire to have it particularly understood that my invention is differentiated from all constructions in which a metallic collar is secured in position by means of ordinary cements, plaster-of-paris, or lead or where such bodies are located in grooves,recesses, or perforations in the adjacent surfaces of the collar and bottle-neck to constitute keys, the holding or looking effect of which is due to the mechanical formation of such surfaces, by calling attention to the fact that the body I interpose between the inner surface of the metal collar and the glass surface of the neck of the bottle is such that it is consolidated with or becomes welded to the metal collar, and consequently said body and the collar are substantially integral without regard to the presence of any grooves, depressions, &c.,

and which body also acts as a close liquid and gas tight metallic joint with the glass surface of the bottle-neck.

Having described the construction and advantages of my improved bottle, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A bottle provided with a sheet-metal collar adapted to receive a closure device, said sheet-metal collar and the bottle-neck secured in fixed permanent relation by an interposed body of metal consolidated or welded with the collar, and in close, liquid and gas tight contact with the neck of the bottle, substantially as hereinbefore described.

2. In combination with a bottle formed with an exterior projection adjacent to the upper extremity of the neck, and a metallic collar adapted to receive a closure device and surrounding and terminating below the projection on the bottle-neck, a metallic' key consolidated With and Welded to the metallic collar, and in liquid and gas tight contact with the neck of the bottle below the projection thereon, substantially as set forth.

3. A sheet-metal collar for bottles and adapted to receive a closure device, in combination With a non-expansible ring or band surrounding the upper terminus of the collar and adapted to resist the expansive force of the closure device and to protect the neck of the bottle against fracture, substantially as hereinbefore described.

4. A sheet-metal collar adapted to be secured in fixed relation With the neck of a bottle and provided at its upper projecting extremity With a surrounding non-expansible and non-compressible ring held in fixed relation With said collar, as set forth.

5. In combination With a bottle and a sheet-metal collar secured to the upper extremity of the neck, a non-expansible ring surrounding the upper terminus of the collar, and a soft-metal closure device adapted to be expanded to produce a fluid and gas tight joint With the collar, substantially as described.

6. In a bottle such as described and a sheet-metal collar secured to the upper extremity thereof and adapted to receive an expansible closure device, a non-expansible ring or band secured in fixed relation With the exterior projecting portion of the collar, substantially as hereinbefore set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of tWo subscribing Witnesses.

JAMES C. ANDERSON.

Witnesses:

D. G. STUART, JNo. J. HARROWER. 

